Interdisciplinary Modules to Teach Waste or Residue Management in the Food Chain
MODULE 2: IDENTIFICATION, QUANTIFICATION, AND CHARACTERIZATION OF WASTES/RESIDUES
REFERENCES
American Association of Cereal Chemists. 2000. Approved Method 30-25 for crude fat; 44-15A for moisture content. Approved Methods of the AACC, Tenth Edition, The American Association of Cereal Chemists, St. Paul, Minnesota.
American Public Health Association. 1995. Standard Manual for the Examination of Water and Wastewater (19th Ed.). APHA, New York, N.Y.
Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 1998. Bacteriological Analytical Manual (8th Ed.). AOAC, Arlington, VA.
Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 2000. Official Method AOAC 973.41 for pH of water; Official Method AOAC 945.42 for pH of Bread; Official Method AOAC 925.10 for Moisture in Flour; Official Method AOAC 985.14 for Moisture in Meat and Meat Products; Official Method AOAC 920.36 for Moisture in Animal Feed; Official Method AOAC 992.15 for Crude Protein in Meat and Meat Products; Official Method AOAC 950.36 for Protein in Baked Products; Official Method AOAC 990.03 and 984.13 for Protein in Animal feed. Official Method AOAC 991.36 for Fat in Meat; Official Method AOAC 960.26 for Fat in Raw Milk; Official Method AOAC 920.39 for Crude fat in Animal Feed; Official Method AOAC 920.86 for Crude fiber in Flour; Official Method AOAC 950.37 for Fiber in Bread; Official Method AOAC 991.43 for Total, Soluble, and Insoluble Dietary Fiber in Foods; Official Method AOAC 962.09 for Crude fiber in Animal Feed; Official Method AOAC 971.18 for Carbohydrates in Fruit Juices; Official Method AOAC 991.13 for Lysine, Methionine, and Threonine in Feed Grade Amino Acids and Premixes; Official Method AOAC 991.25 for Calcium in Cheese; Official Method AOAC 935.13 for Calcium in Animal Feed; Official Method AOAC 931.10 for Magnesium in Fruits and Fruit Products; Official Method AOAC 968.08 for Calcium, Copper, Iron Magnesium, Zinc in Animal Feed; Official Method AOAC 991.27 for phosphorous in Meat and Meat Products; Official Method AOAC 931.06 for phosphorous in Eggs; Official Method AOAC 965.17 for phosphorous in Animal feed; Official Method AOAC 990.23 for potassium in Dried Milk; Official Method AOAC 929.05 for potassium in Fruits and Fruit Products; Official Method AOAC 969.04 for potassium in Fertilizers; Official Method AOAC 977.27 for Bacteria in Foods; AOAC Official Method 986.33, Bacterial and Coliform Counts in Milk - Dry Rehydratable Film Methods; AOAC Official Method 989.10, Bacterial and Coliform Counts in Diary Products - Dry Rehydratable Film Methods; and AOAC Official Method 991.14, Coliform and Escherichia coli Counts in Foods - Dry Rehydratable Film Methods; AOAC, Arlington, VA.
ASAE Standards. 2000. Method of determining and expressing fitness of feed materials by sieving; ASAE 319.3 JUL97; ASAE, St. Joseph, MI.
Bohlsen, D., Weeder, S., & Wang, S. (1997). Tracking Organic Waste. Resource 4(9), 13-14.
Carawan, R.E., Chambers, J.V., Zall, R.R. & Wilkowske, R.H. (1979a). Water and wastewater management in food processing. Extension special report No. AM-18B. (Spin off on dairy processing water and wastewater management). North Carolina Agricultural Extension Service, Raleigh.
Carawan, R.E., Chambers, J.V., Zall, R.R. & Wilkowske, R.H. (1979b). Water and wastewater management in food processing. Extension special report No. AM-18C. (Spin off on meat processing water and wastewater management). North Carolina Agricultural Extension Service, Raleigh.
Carawan, R.E., Chambers, J.V., Zall, R.R. & Wilkowske, R.H. (1979c). Water and wastewater management in food processing. Extension special report No. AM-18D. (Spin off on poultry processing water and wastewater management). North Carolina Agricultural Extension Service, Raleigh.
Carawan, R.E., Chambers, J.V., Zall, R.R. & Wilkowske, R.H. (1979d). Water and wastewater management in food processing. Extension special report No. AM-18E. (Spin off on fruit and vegetable water and wastewater management). North Carolina Agricultural Extension Service, Raleigh.
Carawan, R.E., Chambers, J.V., Zall, R.R. & Wilkowske, R.H. (1979e). Water and wastewater management in food processing. Extension special report No. AM-18F. (Spin off on seafood water and wastewater management). North Carolina Agricultural Extension Service, Raleigh.
Carawan, R.E., Chambers, J.V., Zall, R.R. & Wilkowske, R.H. (1979f). Water and wastewater management in food processing. Extension special report No. AM-18G. (Spin off on specialty food processing water and wastewater management). North Carolina Agricultural Extension Service, Raleigh.
Carawan, R.E., Chambers, J.V., Zall, R.R. & Wilkowske, R.H. (1979g). Water and wastewater management in food processing. Extension special report No. AM-18H. (Spin off on egg processing water and wastewater management). North Carolina Agricultural Extension Service, Raleigh.
Carawan, R.E., Chambers, J.V., Zall, R.R. & Wilkowske, R.H. (1979h). Water and wastewater management in food processing. Extension special report No. AM-18O. (Spin off on water and wastewater management glossary). North Carolina Agricultural Extension Service, Raleigh.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2000, March). Morbidity and mortality weekly report: Surveillance for foodborne disease outbreaks-United States, Vol. 49/No. SS-1. Atlanta, GA.
Dilly, G. (1998). Solid waste characterization in selected U.S. Army healthcare food service operations. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS.
Ferris, D.A. (1995). A comparison of methodologies used for waste characterization in foodservice operations. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Kansas State University, Kansas.
Ferris, R.A., Flores, R. A., Shanklin, C.W., & King, M. K. (1995). A proximate analysis of foodservice waste. Applied Engineering in Agriculture 11(4), 567-572.
Flores, R. A. (1998). Making agricultural leftovers more palatable: Turning agribusiness processing residues into value-added products. Resource 5(4), 13-14.
Flores, R. A., & Shanklin, C. W. (1998). What’s needed to use more agribusiness residues. BioCycle 39(11), 82-83.
Flores, R. A., Shanklin, C. W., Loza-Garay, M., & Wie, S.H. (1999). Quantification and characterization of food processing wastes/residues. Compost Science & Utilization 7(1), 63-71.
Food & Drug Administration. (2001, January). Bacteriological Analytical Manual (8th Ed.). Retrieved May 29, 2001, from the World Wide Web: www.cfsan.fda.gov/~ebam/bam-toc.html.
Green, J.H., & Kramer, A. (1979). Food processing waste management. AVI publishing Company: Westport, Connecticut.
Hackes, B.L., Shanklin, C.W., Kim, T. & Su, A.Y. (1997). Tray service generates more food waste in dining areas of a continuing-care retirement community. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 97, 879-882.
Herstein, K.M., & Gregory T. C. (1935). Chemistry and technology of wines and liquors. Van Norstand Company, Inc: New York.
Hollingsworth, M.D., Shanklin, C.W., & Cross, E.W. (1995). Waste stream analyses in seven selected school foodservice operations. School Food Service Research Review, 19, 81-87.
Hoseney, R.C. (1994). Principles of cereal science and technology. American Association of Cereal Chemists, Inc.: St. Paul, Minnesota.
Katsuyama, Allen M. ed. (1979). A guide for waste management in the food processing industry. The Food Processors Institute, Washington, D.C., 19-29.
King, M. (1993). Waste analysis of two United States military dining facilities. Unpublished master’s thesis. Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS.
Mason, D. M., Shanklin, C. W., Wie, S., & Wolfe, K. (1999). Environmental issues impacting foodservice and lodging operations. Manhattan: Kansas State University.
Nelson, R. & Flores, R. (1994). Survey of processing residues generated by Kansas agribusiness. Applied Engineering in Agriculture, 10 (5), 703-708.
Pennycuick, C.J. (1988). Conversion factors SI units and many others. The University of Chicago Press.
Rahman, S. (1995). Food properties handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRS Press, Inc.
Rao, M.A., & Rizvi, S.S.H. (1986). Engineering properties of foods. Marcel Dekker, Inc: New York.
Rhyner, C. R., Schwartz L. J., Wenger R. B., & Kohrell, M. G. (1995). Waste management and resource recovery. Boca Raton, FL: Lewis Publisher.
Rosentrater, K., Flores, R. A., Richard, T. L., & Bern, C. J. (1999). Physical and nutritional properties of corn masa byproducts streams. Applied Engineering in Agriculture 5(5), 515-523.
Ross, C.C. & Valentine, E.G. (1990). An overview of environmental concerns in the meat and poultry processing industry. Proceedings of the sixth international symposium on agricultural and food processing wastes, 66-75.
Shanklin, C.W., Wie, S. & Wolfe, K. & Lee, K. (1998). Technical report for local restaurant chain. Unpublished manuscript. Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS.
Shanklin, C.W., Flores, R. A., Kim, T., & Wolfe, K. (1999). Survey methodology in the development of a food waste/residue database. Journal of Food Service Research International 11, 171-186.
Shanklin, C.W. (2001). Targeting the food service sector. BioCycle, 42(4), 38-43.
Smith, D.S., Cash, J.N., Nip, W., & Hui, Y.H. (1997). Processing vegetables: Science and technology. Lancaster, PA: Technomic Publishing Company, Inc.
Somogyi, L.P., Barrett, D.M., & Hui, Y.H. (1996). Processing fruits: Science and technology Volume 2. Major processed products. Lancaster, PA: Technomic Publishing Company, Inc.
Somogyi, L.P., Ramaswamy, H.S., & Hui, Y.H. (1996). Processing fruits: Science and technology Volume 1. Biology, principles, and applications. Lancaster, PA: Technomic Publishing Company, Inc.
Tchobanoglous, G., Theisen, H., & Vigil, S. (1993). Integrated solid waste management: Engineering principles and management issues. Hightstown, NJ: McGraw-Hill. DFFFFF
Theodore, M. K. & Theodore, L. (1996). Major environmental issues facing the 21st century. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall PTR.
Walsh, J.L. & Foley, C.C. (1990). An assessment of toxic emissions from the food processing industry. Proceedings of the sixth international symposium on agricultural and food processing wastes, 58-65.
Waste Management and Utilization in Food Production and Processing. Council for Agricultural Science and Technology. 1995. Task Force Report No. 124.
Whitney, E.N., Cataldo, C.B., Rolfe, S.R. (1987). Understanding normal and clinical nutrition. St. Paul, MN: West Publishing company.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (1994). Waste wise tip sheet: Facility waste assessments, (EPA 30-F-94-006). Washington, D.C.: Author.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (1995). Decision-maker’s guide to solid waste management, second edition, (EPA 530-R-95-023). Washington, D.C.: Author.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (n.d.). The region 8 solid waste audit. Retrieved February 24, 2001, from the World Wide Web: http://epa.gov/region8/
United States Environmental Protection Agency (1997). Measuring recycling: A guide for state and local governments. EPA530-R-97-011.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (1999). Characterization of municipal solid waste in the United States: 1998 Update. Washington, D.C.: Author.
Introduction | General Characterization | Identification | Quantification | Characterization | References
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